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HMS Crusader (H60)
HMS ''Crusader'' was a C-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s. She saw service in the Home and Mediterranean Fleets and spent six months during the Spanish Civil War in late 1936 in Spanish waters, enforcing the arms blockade imposed by Britain and France on both sides of the conflict. ''Crusader'' was sold to the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) in 1938 and renamed HMCS ''Ottawa''. She was initially deployed on the Canadian Pacific Coast before World War II, but was transferred to the Atlantic three months after the war began. She served as a convoy escort during the battle of the Atlantic until sunk by the on 14 September 1942. Together with a British destroyer, she sank an Italian submarine in the North Atlantic in November 1941.
==Design and construction==
''Crusader'' displaced at standard load and at deep load. The ship had an overall length of , a beam of and a draught of . She was powered by Parsons geared steam turbines, driving two shafts, which developed a total of and gave a maximum speed of . Steam for the turbines was provided by three Admiralty 3-drum water-tube boilers. ''Crusader'' carried a maximum of of fuel oil that gave her a range of at . The ship's complement was 145 officers and men.〔Whitley, p. 26〕
The ship mounted four 45-calibre 4.7-inch Mk IX guns in single mounts, designated 'A', 'B', 'X', and 'Y' from front to rear. For anti-aircraft (AA) defence, ''Crusader'' had a single QF 3-inch 20 cwt〔"cwt" is the abbreviation for hundredweight, 30 cwt referring to the weight of the gun.〕 AA gun between her funnels, and two QF 2-pounder Mk II AA guns mounted on the aft end of her forecastle deck. The AA gun was removed in 1936 and the 2-pounders were relocated to between the funnels. She was fitted with two above-water quadruple torpedo tube mounts for 21-inch torpedoes.〔Lenton, p. 154〕 Three depth-charge chutes were fitted, each with a capacity of two depth charges. After World War II began this was increased to 33 depth charges, delivered by one or two rails and two throwers.〔Friedman, pp. 209, 236, 298–99〕
The ship was ordered on 15 July 1930 from Portsmouth Dockyard under the 1929 Naval Programme. ''Crusader'' was laid down on 12 September 1930, launched on 30 September 1931,〔English, p. 45〕 as the second ship to carry the name,〔Colledge, p. 75〕 and completed on 2 May 1932.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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